What is email marketing? A guide to getting started and getting results

Quick answer: Email marketing is a digital marketing strategy that uses email to help you communicate with an audience that has agreed to receive your messages. It is used to attract, inform, sell to, retain and re-engage customers through segmented, personalized, automatable and measurable campaigns.

You probably already receive newsletters, offers or notifications all the time.

All these emails share the same channel, but that doesn’t make them part of the same type of marketing strategy.

In email marketing, the first thing you need is your contacts’ permission.

That’s the foundation: consent.

Then you’ll need to link your contacts to the information you have about them so you can segment, send and analyze.

Only then will each message meet a specific need of the subscriber.

In this guide you’ll learn what email marketing is, how it works and what it’s for.

You’ll also see its types, metrics, costs and first steps. Plus, you’ll find criteria for choosing a platform without any technical experience.

What is email marketing and what is it for?

Email marketing, also called e-mail marketing or emailing, is a form of direct digital communication.

A company sends relevant messages to contacts who have shown interest and provided their email address.

The goal depends on the business and on the stage of the sales funnel the customer is in.

It can introduce a brand, share content, recover a sale, announce something new or encourage another purchase.

Email lets you keep a conversation going throughout the entire customer lifecycle.

Plus, your company decides the message, the segment, the timing and the frequency.

You’re completely free to change these aspects and tailor them to your target audience.

What are the elements of email marketing?

An email marketing strategy brings together five elements:

1. A permission-based list. It includes people who have agreed to receive your communications and can easily unsubscribe.
2. A defined goal. Each campaign should aim for an action, such as informing, generating clicks or selling.
3. A relevant message. The content matches the recipient’s interests and context.
4. A professional platform. It manages contacts, designs, sends, automations and statistics.
5. An improvement process. Data lets you test hypotheses and fine-tune your next campaigns.

Without permission, the message can become unsolicited email. Commonly known as spam.

Without analysis, you’ll be taking actions without knowing which ones help your business.

Email marketing, e-mail marketing or marketing by email?

They’re the same thing written in different ways. You’ll see “email marketing”, “e-mail marketing”, “e mail marketing”, “mail marketing” or simply “marketing by email”.

They all refer to the same strategy: sending email messages to people who have agreed to receive them. In this guide we use “email marketing”, which is the most searched form.

How does email marketing work, step by step?

The process starts even before you write the subject line.

First you need to collect contacts the right way. Then you organize the information, create the message, send it and analyze the response.

Easy, right? Let’s go through it step by step in detail.

1. You collect subscribers with consent

You can use forms on your website, downloadable content (a lead magnet), sign-ups, events or the checkout process.

Clearly explain what emails you’ll send and roughly how often. With double opt-in, the contact confirms their subscription from an initial email.

On top of that, always remember to offer an easy way to unsubscribe.

Never buy databases.

Those contacts aren’t expecting your messages and can lead to complaints, bounces and reputation problems for your sending domain.

Put simply, your sender could end up blocked.

2. You organize and segment your mailing list

A list doesn’t have to work as a single monolithic block.

You can organize your contacts into subscriber groups by interests, location, history, funnel stage or past interaction. Store that data in custom fields to personalize each message.

Segmentation in email marketing increases relevance.

For example, a repeat customer needs a different message from someone who has just subscribed.

3. You create a campaign with a goal

Set one main goal and one call to action.

Then write a clear subject line, a useful preheader and a body that’s easy to scan.

The design must adapt to mobile.

Send a few tests to several of your own email addresses before the final send.

4. You send or automate the message

A one-off campaign is scheduled for a segment and a date.

An automation (or autoresponder), on the other hand, is triggered when a condition is met.

That condition can be a subscription, a date or an interaction. The system then sends the planned content without you repeating the manual work.

You need to choose which option best suits your needs at any given time.

For example, an automation is very useful for sending a welcome email to new subscribers, while a one-off offer is something you’ll use at specific moments.

5. You measure, learn and improve

After sending, review deliveries, bounces, clicks, unsubscribes and conversions.

Also look at which links generate interest and which segments respond best.

Mailrelay gives you all this information so you can improve your next sends.

A single campaign offers clues, but a series reveals trends.

Compare equivalent periods and adjust only one thing at a time (content, frequency, send times). That way you’ll know how each change affects the results.

What are the benefits of email marketing for a business?

Email marketing works for small businesses and large teams alike.

That’s thanks to its combination of reach, impact and affordable cost.

It suits every budget, so it fits every kind of business. You’ll find them in more detail in the benefits of email marketing.

Direct communication with an audience of your own

Your list is an asset managed by your company.

It’s yours.

Unlike social media, paid ads and so on.

Your list is always available to you.

That’s why you don’t depend on a social network’s organic reach or on the budget needed for ads.

You just need to respect your contacts’ consent.

Personalization at scale

You can tailor the name, the content, the offer or the send time.

Plus, segmentation keeps you from sending the same message to people with different needs.

You have powerful segmentation tools at your disposal.

Low cost and room to grow

A campaign can reach thousands of contacts without multiplying the work.

The cost will depend on the volume, the features and the email marketing provider you choose.

With Mailrelay you get a free account that lets you send up to 80,000 emails a month to up to 20,000 contacts.

Automation of repetitive tasks

Welcome, follow-up or re-engagement sequences run on predefined rules.

This saves you time without neglecting your marketing efforts.

Measurable results

Email marketing lets you analyze deliveries, clicks, conversions, unsubscribes and other indicators.

With that data you can tie performance to business goals.

You’ll know whether it’s working for you or not. And that way you can assess the ROI.

Ongoing relationship with customers and prospects

A sale rarely comes from a single touchpoint.

Your customers are probably weighing options, comparing, analyzing.

Even more so today, when AI tools let them do this quickly and effortlessly.

That’s why email is, more than ever, a tool for educating, handling objections and keeping your brand top of mind for longer.

Types of email marketing and campaign examples

Every email marketing campaign should serve a specific goal.

Ideally, one you’ve set beforehand.

This table sums up the most common formats and when they can help you:

A newsletter can educate and build loyalty. An automated sequence, for its part, accompanies individual actions with timely messages.

All these campaigns are part of an email marketing strategy; use the ones you need for your own strategy.

If you want to see each format with subject line examples and tips, we’ve explained the 12 types of email marketing one by one, and you’ll also find 20 complete email marketing examples you can copy.

Email marketing, mailing, newsletter and spam: the differences

These terms aren’t the same thing, but they’re often confused, so here’s a quick explanation of each:

• Email marketing: a complete strategy that uses email to achieve marketing and customer relationship goals
• Mailing: sending a communication to multiple recipients. It can be part of a broader campaign. Here’s how to create a mailing step by step
• Newsletter: a regular bulletin with news, content, updates or offers for subscribers. Take a look at these newsletter examples
• Transactional email: an operational message triggered by an action, such as confirming an order or resetting a password
• Spam: unsolicited email, or email sent without respecting the recipient’s expectations and permissions

As you can see, the number of emails doesn’t define the strategy on its own.

Relevance, permission and professional management make the difference.

If you want to dig deeper, see how to keep your emails out of spam.

How to do email marketing from scratch

When you’re starting out, it’s best not to overcomplicate things.

Start with a goal that’s useful for your company, for example increasing sales over a given period.

With that goal in mind, work out the “how?”, that is, how you’re going to achieve it. That might be by sending a series of emails with offers. Decide how many emails you’ll send.

Carry out the action and analyze the results to find out which parts to change.

That’s the best approach: start with something simple, learn, and build up from there.

Let’s go through it step by step.

Define a business goal

Choose a specific goal: getting first purchases, increasing bookings, educating prospects or winning back inactive customers.

Then assign an indicator that shows progress.

That indicator can be sales, visits to your website, customers replying to your emails, visits, whatever works.

Identify your target audience

Once you know what goal you want to achieve, you need to think about your target audience:

• What unmet needs they have
• How your product solves them
• How much they know about the topic
• What objections they’re most likely to raise

This information will guide the content of your emails, as well as their tone.

Create a clear subscription offer

To generate a steady flow of new subscribers, develop a strategy that explains the benefit of signing up.

It could be learning, early access, news, resources or promotions.

Then keep that promise in every send.

Prepare a useful welcome

This is where an automation is most useful, to send an introduction to new contacts.

You can introduce yourself and briefly explain the emails they’ll receive from then on.

You can also ask about their most common questions, which gives you ideas for possible answers.

Plan a realistic calendar

Choose a frequency you can keep up.

And keep it up with quality content.

Consistency helps set expectations, although you should always put usefulness ahead of quantity.

If you see that a high volume doesn’t hold your contacts’ interest, try spacing out your sends a little.

There’s no one-size-fits-all strategy; you need to analyze what works in your case.

Write for one person and one action

Use a clear subject line and short copy.

Organize your ideas with subheadings, lists and white space.

Then highlight one main call to action.

Analyze and run A/B tests

Run A/B tests on subject lines, calls to action, send times or content. Change one element per test so you can better attribute any difference in performance.

Email marketing metrics you should know

Email marketing is a highly measurable marketing strategy, with a range of metrics at your fingertips.

We cover the most important ones below, but remember to choose the ones that best help you assess how effective your actions are.

Don’t interpret a figure in isolation.

Analyze the values together or in relation to each other; for example, lots of clicks with few conversions can point to a problem with the landing page.

Also, some privacy protections affect the accuracy of the open rate.

That’s why it’s best to prioritize clicks, conversions, revenue and replies whenever possible.

How to choose an email marketing tool

There are many factors to consider, but one of the most important is that, whichever tool you choose, it must help you reach your marketing goals.

That said, check these points when comparing each email marketing tool:

• Contact and sending limits, both now and in the future.
• How easy it is to import, clean and segment subscribers.
• Mobile-friendly editor and customizable templates.
• Automations that fit your customer journey.
• A/B testing and personalization with fields.
• Easy-to-understand reports and real-time data.
• Management of unsubscribes, bounces and permissions.
• Integrations with your website, store, CRM or API.
• Resources to improve deliverability.
• Support available in your language and on your plan.

Consider the total cost, not just the starting price.

A cheap option can fall short if it limits contacts, features or support as you grow, forcing you to switch to a paid plan prematurely for the benefits you’re getting.

How we help you with your email marketing at Mailrelay

With Mailrelay you can create campaigns, manage lists, automate communications and analyze results from a simple dashboard with a very gentle learning curve.

We offer a free account with up to 80,000 emails a month and 20,000 contacts.

That way you can start or expand your email marketing strategy with plenty of room and no upfront investment.

Our visual editor makes it easy to design newsletters without coding. It also includes AI writing features to speed up content creation.

We also include essential automations, A/B testing, custom fields and segmentation. You can set up welcome emails, drip campaigns and autoresponders without building complex systems.

Real-time reports include statistics and click maps. That way, you can spot areas of interest and guide your next decisions.

And don’t forget you can always count on our support team. Available even on the free account. You can contact us by phone, chat or ticket whenever you need help.

Common mistakes in an email marketing strategy

Although email marketing is a very simple strategy, there are some basic mistakes that, just by avoiding them, will make everything work much better for you.

Buying email lists

A purchased list has no previous relationship with you.

It’s unlikely you have permission to email them.

It usually increases bounces and spam complaints, and can also damage your sender reputation.

Sending the same message to your entire contact list

Contacts have different interests and situations; sending everyone the same thing doesn’t get the most out of your email marketing strategy.

Segment using useful criteria and avoid splits that won’t change the content.

Hiding who is sending the email

Use a recognizable name and a valid address.

Avoid no-reply email addresses; it’s better for contacts to see that they can reply.

Trust starts before the message is opened.

Designing for desktop only

Check the newsletter on small screens.

Text, buttons and forms must work without zooming in.

Measuring only opens

Link the campaign to clicks, requests, purchases or replies.

Use the metric that best fits your goal.

Sending without checking the technical setup

Authenticate your domain and look after your sender reputation. SPF, DKIM and DMARC help providers verify your messages.

Automating without reviewing

A sequence can become outdated. Review links, offers, segments and results on a set schedule.

Email marketing strategy examples by type of business

There are many types of business and many strategies that work well for them.

Take the examples below as ideas for developing your strategy, not as something set in stone.

Small shop or local business

You can announce news, share available appointments and win back customers.

A monthly newsletter and a seasonal campaign make for an easy start.

Ecommerce

Combine welcome, recommendation, abandoned cart and post-purchase emails.

Segment by purchases and engagement to avoid irrelevant promotions.

B2B services company

Use educational content, case studies and meeting invitations. A nurturing series helps support longer decision-making processes.

Medium-sized or large company

Define shared criteria across marketing, sales and customer service. Then connect data, permissions and goals to coordinate campaigns at scale.

Educational organization or association

Send resources, reminders, calls for participation and summaries. Segmenting by program, location or interest keeps each communication focused.

Does email marketing still work in the age of AI and social media?

Yes, as long as the messages are wanted, useful and relevant.

Social media helps people discover a brand, while email lets you build a direct relationship.

Artificial intelligence can suggest subject lines, summarize content or create variations.

It supports your strategy; it doesn’t replace it.

It can also help detect patterns and speed up segmentation.

However, always check the accuracy, the tone and the commercial promise. AI speeds up tasks, but your data, judgment and customer knowledge drive the strategy.

The future of email marketing demands more relevance and better consent management.

It also rewards a clear identity, a well-maintained technical setup and recognizable content.

Conclusion: turn email into a measurable relationship

Now you know what email marketing is and how it can help you. Start with permission, a clear goal and a useful campaign for a specific segment.

Then measure the actions that relate to your business. With every send you’ll learn what your contacts need and which offer gets the best response.

At Mailrelay we give you everything you need to test, automate and grow.

Plus, our team can help you even if you use the free account.

Frequently asked questions about email marketing

What is email marketing in a nutshell?

Email marketing is the strategic use of email to inform, attract, sell and build loyalty. It’s aimed at contacts who have agreed to receive communications from a company or organization. That’s why email marketing for businesses works the same way for an online store as for a small service business or a B2B company.

What is email marketing used for?

It’s used to generate opportunities, increase sales, educate prospects, build customer loyalty and re-engage contacts. It also lets you share news and maintain a direct relationship with your audience.

How do you get started with email marketing?

Choose a goal, collect subscribers with permission and select a professional platform. Then prepare a welcome email, send relevant content and analyze clicks, conversions, unsubscribes and bounces.

Do I need a website to do email marketing?

It isn’t essential, but a website makes it easier to collect contacts and host landing pages. You can also get subscribers through events, external forms or points of sale, always with consent.

How much does email marketing cost?

The cost depends on the number of contacts, the sending volume and the features. At Mailrelay we offer up to 80,000 emails a month and 20,000 contacts with our free account.

How often should I send emails?

There’s no universal frequency. Choose a sustainable cadence that’s consistent with what you promised when people subscribed. Then look at clicks, unsubscribes, conversions and replies to adjust it.

What’s the difference between email marketing and a newsletter?

Email marketing is the complete strategy. A newsletter is one of its formats: a regular bulletin that shares content, news or offers with a list of subscribers.

Is email marketing spam?

No, as long as there’s permission, clear identification, expected content and an easy way to unsubscribe. Spam includes unsolicited messages or communications that ignore the recipient’s preferences.

Which email marketing metrics matter most?

It depends on the goal, but they usually include deliveries, bounces, clicks, conversions, unsubscribes, complaints and ROI. It’s best to give more weight to actions linked to business results.

Can email marketing be automated?

Yes. You can set up welcome, follow-up, drip, abandoned cart or re-engagement emails. Each automation responds to a predefined condition, date or behavior.

Which email marketing tool should you choose?

Look for a platform that’s easy to use, scalable and compatible with your processes. Review limits, automation, segmentation, reports, integrations, deliverability, support and total cost before deciding.

What advantages does Mailrelay offer for getting started?

At Mailrelay we offer a generous free account, essential automations, A/B testing, real-time reports and a simple editor with AI assistance. Plus, our expert support is available on every account.

Jose Argudo

CMO at Mailrelay. Writes about email marketing, copywriting and conversion for small businesses and entrepreneurs.

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